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About Kashuby

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Kashuby is a region of Poland located in the North, to the West of the city of Gdansk - the capital of Pomerania. The region attracts all those who want to discover the fascinating history and culture of this part of Poland and its leisure opportunities. Kashubia’s crystal-clear lakes are a paradise for sailors and wind surfers. Anglers may expect a good catch, since the region's lakes abound in roach, perch, bream, tench and pike.

Legend has it that when God created the world, the Kashubian land was very poor. Angels, who were very sad and concerned about the fate of the Kashubian people, went to God to plead for help. In response to their pleas the gracious God adorned the barren land with hills, lakes and forests and made it colourful and picturesque. Indeed, nowhere else can you find such a picturesque mixture of the wanders of nature as in Kashubia. Kashubia is beautifully seated in the northern part of Poland. It is divided into three parts, each boasting its own unique and unusual geographical features. To the north the Kashubian land is bordered by the Baltic Sea and to the south its borders reach as far as Tuchola Forests (Bory Tucholskie).

The first part of Kashubia, called Norda, is located in the north. This area possesses a varied (How is it varied? You may want to explain this) and scenically impressive section of the coastline. Its golden beaches, dunes, and fresh sea breeze easily capture tourist attention. The picturesque towns on the coastline - Jurata, Chalupy, Jastarnia and Hel seated in Hel Peninsula were originally the centre of the fishing industry (which fishing industry - Polish or Kashubian?).

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The second part of Kashubia, located to the south of Norda, is Central Kashubia. Central Kashubia is comprised of the towns/cities of Kartuzy, Zukowo, Koscierzyna, Bytów, Sierakowice as well as a great number of quiet and peaceful villages. This is the heart of Kashubia, full of rolling hills, meandering rivers and streams, clean lakes, and forests which provide shelter to a variety of wild animals.

The third part of Kashubia is Southern Kashubia. This area is seated on two rivers: the River Brda and the River Wda, and is widely revered to the outstanding beauty of its many forests. The origin of the word "Kashubia" is very obscure. One of the most popular theories says that it derives from a word describing a marshy land.

The Kashubians live in a territory that includes the ex province of Gdansk, the ex province of Slupsk and the northern part of the ex province of Bydgoszcz. Today Kashubia is populated by approximately half a million native Kashubians. The beauty of the region, however, has attracted many people from other parts of Poland to settle there. Many Kashubians also live abroad. For various reasons-economic or political-many Kashubians now live in Western Europe, Canada, and the United States.

The region, whose name roughly translates to "The Land of Kashuba" or "Kashubia", is a fertile region of rolling hills on the northern edge of Poland that spreads south and west from the shores of the Baltic sea and the main seaport of Gdansk. The region of hills and shores have provided farming and fishing for centuries ans has its own native language of Kashubians which is still spoken but it is rapidly dying out.

kashubian dances

Being seafaring people, they have come in contact with many other cultures which have influenced their dances and costumes. This suite of dances begins with the men toasting themselves in a celebration. The women enter and engage in a flirtatious dance with the men. The dance known as Woltok, which means "quarreling waves" imitates the different moods of the sea. Meanwhile in Poland, the process of industrialization and modernization almost annihilated the ancient folk culture of the Kashubian people and the old traditions. Songs and dances are not continued anymore on an everyday basis, although many Kashubians are familiar with them.

Luckily since the beginning of the 20th century and especially since 1945, much effort has been put into research, preservation and promotion of that culture. Books and periodicals are being published; folk art exhibits of pottery, embroidery, amber jewelry, etc. are being sponsored; folk orchestras and song and dance ensembles are being organized; they not only use the old musical instruments while presenting the old songs and dances, but also reenact old customs and family traditions, architecture and sew and wear the reconstructed folk costumes.

In Kashubia there are really three different costumes. One is worn by peasants in the countryside, a different one by the coastal fisherman and a third by the townsfolk. In the late eighteenth century the clothing became more modern in style. The costume illustrated is typical of the Kashubian Lake district in the early nineteenth century. The men wear dark-blue heavy cloth coats with brick-red belts. Their yellow trousers are of lambskin and are tucked into tall black boots. Their black hats have a red embroidered band, however, their cotton or linen shirts are unadorned.

In Kashubia there are really three different costumes. One is worn by peasants in the countryside, a different one by the coastal fisherman and a third by the townsfolk. In the late eighteenth century the clothing became more modern in style. The costume illustrated is typical of the Kashubian Lake district in the early nineteenth century. The men wear dark-blue heavy cloth coats with brick-red belts. Their yellow trousers are of lambskin and are tucked into tall black boots. Their black hats have a red embroidered band, however, their cotton or linen shirts are unadorned.

embroidery pottery architecture clothes
a griffin

The Kashubian emblem is a griffin. It first appeared on seals and coats of arms of West Pomeranian dukes as early as the 12th century. In the Pomerania of Gdansk, the emblem was only used by prince Sambor II in the mid 13th century. Officially the griffin has been the emblem of Kashubia since the late 15th century. The Kashubian griffin is black and is set against a yellow or golden background. These colours are also reflected in the Kashubian flag which is also black and yellow. There is no officially acclaimed anthem of Kashubia. However, two texts are regarded to perform this role: young Kashubians tend to prefer "Zemia rodno" by Jan Trepczyk (1907-1989) and the older Kashubian generation consider "Tam gdzie Wisla od Krakowa" by Hieronim Derdowski (1852-1902).

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The region's natural treasures include water, forest and hills. Kashubia contains four countryside parks and almost 50 nature reserves sheltering both flora and fauna.

A dense network of outstanding hiking routes, the total length of which exceeds 1,000 km, makes Kashubia a true Mecca for globetrotters. Chains of picturesque hills, sloping down to lakes, diversify the scenery. One of those, Wiezyca (329 m above see level) is the highest in the Lowlands of Central Europe.

The Kashubians say: Wherever you throw a stone here, it will fall into water. Kashubia has more than 700 lakes. Linked by rivers and their tributaries the lakes form excellent water routes, which are many kilometres long and offer splendid conditions for canoeing. One of the most impressive water routes is the so-called Radunskie Circle. It is 44 km long and crosses 14 lakes.

Besides outstanding natural beauty, Kashubia prides itself on its historical heritage and unique culture. The town Kartuzy - the heart of Kashubia houses the Kashubian Museum, which is very popular. The Kashubian Ethnographic Park in Wdzydze Kiszewskie is a heritage park where one can find traditional houses, stables, windmills, all constructed in wood in their original state.

The region marked red on the map below is called Szwajcaria Kaszubska. Szwajcaria means Switzerland in Polish. The name did not come without a reason, this region with lakes and hills reminds parts of Switzerland. For some reason local authorities did not invest too much in tourist infrastructure and the best way to travel is to take own tent. If you are tired with the sea you can rent a bike and reach this region within hours if you do not have car or you choose not to take bus or train.

The industrialization of early 20th century almost eradicated the Kashubian culture. However, since 1945, there has been growing interest in local preservation movements with a growing number of societies, government programs, and resources dedicated to documenting, preserving, and promoting their culture.

Kashuby is so charming that the region is worth visiting. After all, there are very few spots in Europe where so much beauty is concentrated in such a small area.

Kashubian crystal-clear lakes are a paradise for sailors and wind surfers. Anglers may expect a good catch, since the region's lakes abound in roach, perch, bream, tench and pike.

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Copyright © 2003 by Danny