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Bory Tucholskie National Park
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Location, area,
history
Bory Tucholskie National Park was established on 1 July 1996, on the
area of 4,789 ha. At present the Park covers 4798 ha. It is located in the
central-north part of Poland, in Pomorskie Voivodeship, within the Polish
largest forest complex - Bory Tucholskie. The Park encompasses a part of the
Zaborski Landscape Park that was established in 1990 to protect the outstanding
natural and cultural features of the southern part of Kaszuby, the Land of
Zaborow (Ziemia Zaborowska).
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Geology, geomorphology and soils
The Park constitutes an important element in the network of areas
under the highest form of conservation in Poland. The area was
shaped by the Scandinavian glacier during the Baltic glaciation. It is covered
by a vast Brda outwash (sandr), mostly built of sands and gravels which gave
origin to poor soils. The landscape is relieved by valleys and channels, as well
as dune hills.
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Waters
There are over 20 lakes in the Park. 4 of them, of the particularly
great value, are oligotrophic lakes with crystal clean water and Lobelia
dortmanna. 3 dystrophic lakes and the area of so called "Seven Lakes
Rill" (Struga siedmiu jezior) constitute other
interesting features. The main rivers are Brda and Czerwona Struga flowing
through the buffer zone of the Park.
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Vegetation
56 water vegetation, 7 moss communities and 15 forest communities
were distinguished among plant associations present in the Park. Humid pine
forests dominate in the Park. Large areas are occupied by coniferous forests
with cup-moss and high representation of rare species of lichens. Lichens are
represented in the Park by 206 species. A valuable element of the flora are
plants associated with oligotrophic lakes, e.g. Lobelia dortmannna, Isoetes
lacustris, as well as with peatbogs and moss communities, e.g. Carex, Drosera,
and Calla palustris.
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Fauna
144 species of birds were found in the
Park, 108 of which are nesting species. Other groups are represented by: 25
species of fish, 43 species of mammals, 13 species of amphibians, and 6 species
of reptiles. Most interesting birds include: crane, eagle owl, sea eagle,
goldeneye, and kingfisher. Among mammals, 7 species of bats, beaver and river
otter are particularly precious.
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Material culture and tourism
Local inhabitants have preserved many of their customs and traditions
until the present times. Many typical for Kaszuby buildings (mostly cottages)
can be found here. The Park area is frequently visited by tourists. Main holiday
centres of Bory Tucholskie are located on Charzykowskie Lake, in close proximity
of the Park borders.
www.mos.gov.pl/kzpn/en/bory_gb.htm
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